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MiCoKnowGraph schema

Draft schema for a microbiome knowledge graph (BioHackathon Europe 2026, Project 16). Three layers: entities identified by ontology terms, SOSA observations on samples, and associations stored as nodes that carry context and evidence. Identifier mappings are kept outside the schema, in mappings/.

URI: https://w3id.org/micokg

Name: micokg

Classes

Class Description
Container A bundle of records (one YAML file)
NamedThing Base class
        Association A claim linking a subject to an object, with the context and evidence needed ...
                DietMetaboliteAssociation A food or diet changes the level of a metabolite
                DietTaxonAssociation A food or diet changes the abundance of a taxon
                MetaboliteDiseaseAssociation A metabolite is associated with, or contributes to, a disease
                TaxonDiseaseAssociation A taxon is reported as associated with (or contributing to) a disease
                TaxonHabitatAssociation A taxon is found in a habitat (ENVO term)
                TaxonHostAssociation A taxon has a host, or interacts with, another taxon
                TaxonMetaboliteAssociation RO:0002234 has output = produces; RO:0002233 has input = consumes
        Disease A disease or condition, identified by a MONDO, DOID, NCIT or EFO term
        FoodItem A food, diet component or dietary intervention
        FunctionalGene A gene (or gene cluster) detected in a genome, MAG or metagenome, with its fu...
                AMRDeterminant A gene or mutation that confers antimicrobial resistance, classified with the...
        Host An individual host organism (or a de-identified participant) from which sampl...
        Metabolite A small molecule, identified by a ChEBI or HMDB identifier
        Observation One measurement on one sample, e
        Sample A physical sample with its environmental context (MIxS), host, place and date
        Study A study, dataset or resource that samples and claims come from
        Taxon An organism or taxonomic group, identified by an NCBI Taxonomy or GTDB identi...

Slots

Slot Description
accession INSDC/ENA/MGnify accession
age_years Age of the host in years at sampling
amr_determinants Antimicrobial resistance determinant records
anatomical_context Body site the claim applies to (UBERON)
aro_class The ARO gene family or determinant class
collection_date Date the sample was collected
compartment One Health compartment the sample comes from
confers_resistance_to Drug or drug class (ARO drug class or CHEBI antimicrobial agent)
confidence Confidence between 0 and 1
creator ORCID identifiers
derived_from Observations the claim was derived from, if any
description Free-text description
diet_metabolite_associations Diet or food to metabolite level claims
diet_taxon_associations Diet or food to taxon abundance claims
direction Whether the subject is increased, decreased, present or absent in the compare...
diseases Disease records, only needed to add labels
effect_size Effect size as reported by the source, e
env_broad_scale MIxS broad-scale environmental context, an ENVO biome
env_local_scale MIxS local-scale environmental context, an ENVO environmental system
env_medium MIxS environmental medium
environmental_context Environment the claim applies to (ENVO)
food_component Chemical components of the food relevant to the claim, as ChEBI terms
foods Food or dietary intervention records
gene_family KEGG orthology, EC number or Pfam family
gene_symbol Gene symbol or name as given by the source, e
genes Functional gene records
genomic_context e
geo_loc_name Free-text location as in MIxS, e
geo_location Resolvable place identifier (GAZ, GeoNames) used for joins across samples
has_disease Diseases diagnosed in the host
has_evidence Type of evidence behind the claim (ECO terms)
has_feature_of_interest The sample the observation was made on
has_function Gene Ontology terms for the gene's molecular function or biological process
has_host The host organism or participant the sample was taken from
has_role ChEBI roles of the metabolite, e
host_body_site Body site the sample was taken from, as a UBERON term
host_context Host taxon the claim applies to, e
hosts Individual host organisms or participants
id CURIE or IRI
in_taxon The taxon this host or gene belongs to
is_about What was measured - a taxon, a gene record (micokg:gene/
issued Publication or release date
knowledge_source Resource the record was ingested from, as an infores CURIE (e
latitude Decimal degrees
license Licence URL of the source data
longitude Decimal degrees
metabolite_disease_associations Metabolite to disease claims
metabolites Metabolite records, only needed to add labels or roles
name Human-readable label
negated True when the source reports that the association was looked for and not foun...
object The entity the subject is linked to (its identifier)
observations Per-sample measurements (SOSA observations)
observed_property e
p_value P-value as reported by the source
part_of_study The study the sample belongs to
predicate Relation from RO
references Publications (doi:, PMID:) describing the study
resistance_mechanism ARO resistance mechanism, e
result_time Date the result was produced
samples Physical samples (environmental, host-associated, food)
sex Biological sex as a PATO term
simple_result The measured value
source_study The study or resource the claim comes from
studies Studies or datasets the records come from
subject The entity the claim is about (its identifier)
taxa Taxon records, only needed to add labels or rank
taxon_disease_associations Taxon to disease claims
taxon_habitat_associations Taxon to habitat claims
taxon_host_associations Taxon to host organism claims
taxon_metabolite_associations Taxon produces/consumes metabolite claims
taxon_rank Taxonomic rank (TAXRANK term), e
title Title of the study or dataset
unit Unit of the result, as a QUDT or UO identifier
used_procedure Assay (OBI) or tool/workflow (bio

Enumerations

Enumeration Description
AMRDeterminantEnum
AnatomyEnum
BiomeEnum
CompartmentEnum One Health compartment of a sample
DirectionEnum Direction of an association relative to a comparison (e
DiseaseEnum
EnvironmentalMaterialEnum
EnvironmentalSystemEnum
EvidenceEnum
FoodEnum
MetaboliteEnum
TaxonEnum

Types

Type Description
Boolean A binary (true or false) value
Curie a compact URI
Date a date (year, month and day) in an idealized calendar
DateOrDatetime Either a date or a datetime
Datetime The combination of a date and time
Decimal A real number with arbitrary precision that conforms to the xsd:decimal speci...
Double A real number that conforms to the xsd:double specification
Float A real number that conforms to the xsd:float specification
Integer An integer
Jsonpath A string encoding a JSON Path
Jsonpointer A string encoding a JSON Pointer
Ncname Prefix part of CURIE
Nodeidentifier A URI, CURIE or BNODE that represents a node in a model
Objectidentifier A URI or CURIE that represents an object in the model
Sparqlpath A string encoding a SPARQL Property Path
String A character string
Time A time object represents a (local) time of day, independent of any particular...
Uri a complete URI
Uriorcurie a URI or a CURIE

Subsets

Subset Description